Fluoride is a natural mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities. How Fluoride Works Remineralization: Replaces lost minerals in tooth enamel caused by acid attacks from plaque and bacteria. Acid resistance: Converts enamel hydroxyapatite crystals into a harder, more acid-resistant form called fluorapatite. Antibacterial effects: Slows down the growth of cavity-causing bacteria by disrupting their normal functions. Sources and Types of Fluoride Topical products: Toothpastes, mouthwashes, and gels applied directly to the teeth. Professional treatments: High-strength varnishes, foams, or gels painted on by the dentist. Systemic sources: Public tap water and dietary supplements ingested during tooth development. Risks and Side Effects of Endemic Fluorosis As fluoride has a high affinity for calcified tissues, people living in areas with high water fluoride levels are at risk for endemic fluorosis Skeletal Fluorosis: affects the bones and joints Dental fluorosis: a condition causing white lines, streaks on teeth and pitted enamel.Seen in people living in areas of endemic fluorosis and children under the age of 6 who swallow fluoridated toothpaste while their permanent teeth are still forming under the gums. Prevention: Switching to soft water drinking sources Using only a smear or pea-sized amount of non or low fluoride toothpaste for young children and supervising their brushing. If you want to avoid cavities, contact Dr. Gallani’s Advanced Dentistry on 02025881750 or 08042754192 or www.gallanidentalcare.com for an appointment today!